EMG Examination

What is an EMG examination?

Electromyography (EMG) is a diagnostic test that evaluates the electrical activity of muscles and the nerves that control them. It is used to determine the cause of muscle weakness, tingling, numbness, pain, or twitching. EMG helps detect disorders of neuromuscular transmission, peripheral nerve damage, or muscle diseases such as muscular dystrophy, polyneuropathy, carpal tunnel syndrome, radiculopathy, or myasthenia gravis. This examination provides physicians with precise information about the extent and severity of impairment, enabling an accurate diagnosis and an appropriate treatment plan.

How does the examination proceed?

Surface electrodes
The doctor places small sensors—surface electrodes—on the skin over the muscle being tested. These electrodes capture the electrical activity of the muscles during use and transmit it to the device. This part of the exam is non-invasive and usually causes no discomfort.
Needle electrodes
For a more detailed analysis, the doctor uses a thin needle with an electrode inserted directly into the muscle. This electrode measures the activity of muscle fibers at rest and during contraction. The needle is sterile and very thin, minimizing pain. During insertion you may feel mild, brief discomfort or pressure.

The entire examination takes up to about 30 minutes, depending on the number of muscles and nerves tested. Results appear immediately on the monitor as graphs for the doctor to analyze. The test is safe, does not limit normal daily activities, and requires no special recovery. At our clinic, results are available immediately after the examination.

How to prepare

Inform the doctor about all medications, especially those affecting blood clotting (anticoagulants).
If you have a pacemaker or defibrillator, the examination may not be possible.
Do not smoke or drink caffeinated beverages for 3 hours before the test.
Skip magnesium or sedative medications beforehand.

When is EMG appropriate?

Electromyography is indicated when you have persistent or unexplained problems involving muscles or nerves. Your doctor may recommend EMG for more detailed diagnostics if you experience:

Tingling or burning: Unpleasant sensations in the hands, feet, or other areas that may indicate peripheral nerve damage.
Muscle pain: Especially when accompanied by weakness or limited mobility.
Muscle weakness: Difficulty performing everyday tasks—such as holding objects or walking—may point to impaired neuromuscular transmission.
Numbness of the limbs: Loss of sensation often suggests nerve damage.
Involuntary twitches (tics): Repeated, uncontrolled movements may reflect nerve or muscle disorders.